This process is known as: 3. Provide training, supervision and guidance to other crew members on proper rigging methods and safety protocols. -- Be water-resistant and slow burning Follow all local laws and safety regulations as they pertain to rigging operations. Notices. If a machine has an exposed pulley and conveyor but the portion of it that is exposed is well underneath the machine, the employer: Must ensure that all that all exposed and accessible sections of the machine are guarded (Your Answer). Derricks are lifting devices that are commonly found on ships and docks. 1926.1424 (a) (2) (ii) Sharp, abrasive, pinching, or otherwise hazardous moving parts of power tools: Must have guards to prevent contact with workers (Your Answer). Nearly 80 percent of these upsets can be attributed to predictable human error when the operator inadvertently exceeds the cranes lifting capacity. When working at ground floor level near a cellar wall, the crane's outrigger pads or tracks should be placed: a. as close as possible to the wall b. at least as far back as the depth of the wall below ground c. at a distance at least half the depth of the cellar wall below ground d. anywhere, since the wall is unaffected by the weight of . 1 of 6 Type of Job Being Analyzed Risk Assessment on Lifting Works Department/Section Originate JSA Risk Assessment Team JOB Performers Additional approvals (Determine by . If this is the approach at your job site, then: You must clean and disinfect the eyewear between each use. To prevent employees from entering these hazard areas, the employer must: Before an employee goes to a location in the hazard area that is out of view of the operator, the employee (or someone instructed by the employee) must ensure that the operator is informed that he/she is going to that location. At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: On all unprotected sides or edges (Your Answer). Anytime an adapter is used to accommodate a two-hole receptacle, the adapter wire must: If a worker on a scaffold can fall more than 10 feet: They must be protected by guardrails and/or personal fall arrest systems (PFAS). New FOREWARNER-LED warning lights from KEYTROLLER, LLC significantly improve awareness of pedestrians who work close to heavy and dangerous equipment. 5. improper grounding of circuitry and equipment. It is preferable not to drive a vehicle in reverse if you have an obstructed rear view, but if you do, make sure: The vehicle has an audible reverse alarm (Your Answer). Follow all local laws and safety regulations as they pertain to crane operations. The mighty tool was soon used in Rome and Egypt. Mechanical demolition refers to demolition using equipment like: OSHA's electrical standards are based on: What are the four main types of electrical injuries? Electricity travels in closed circuits, and its normal route is through a conductor. Loads suspended by cranes present a high risk to construction workers as 42 percent of all crane-related occupational fatalities have been due to workers being struck by falling objects during a crane's operation. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: 5. Establish communication with ground personnel and confirm understanding of signals before proceeding. When the work zone is demarcated under 1408 (a) (1) (i), the employer must then determine, pursuant to 1408 (a) (2), whether any part of the equipment, load line or load (including rigging and lifting accessories), could get closer than the minimum clearance distance to a power line. Between 1989 and 2009, there were 86 identified incidents involving the collapse or major structural failure of a tower crane. When dismantling a scaffold, all work should be conducted: Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: What type of scaffold - other than the tube and coupler scaffold - is ideal for use around complex structures? (Overhead cranes are defined by OSHA 1910.179(a)(8) as a crane with a movable bridge carrying a movable or fixed hoisting mechanism, and traveling on an overhead fixed runway structure.). 8. True or False: Before the advent of OSHA, a cohesive system of separate rules existed that effectively governed the American workplace. If there is no controlling entity, the employer (if there is only one employer operating the multiple pieces of equipment), or employers, must institute such a system. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: 3. Thats because the loads being lifted by overhead hoists tend to be fairly heavy and cause serious damage if dropped. DICA employs a three-step fitting process, including identification of the key data points for the equipment and the maximum outrigger reaction force. In general, head protection should do which of the following? The three most common hazards involving overhead cranes include electrical hazards, overloading, and materials falling/slipping from overhead hoists. Neither the operator nor anyone else should ever stand directly in front of the wheel of an abrasive power tool as it accelerates to full operating speed. Aside from maintenance, improper securing of the load or the slings that carry the load is one of the leading causes of accidents with overhead hoists and cranes. Workers must use caution so that they do not place themselves in dangerous areas where they can be struck by falling loads or by falling or collapsing crane components. Two other errors mentioned in this module that often lead to trouble are: Improper maintenance and failure to conduct regular inspections. Everyone in the workplace has a work health and safety duty. Monitor the working area and ensure no hazards or obstacles are in the vicinity of the crane. The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: 7. Do not swing the load. Furthermore, cranes should be kept away from unsafe working areas; OSHA and ANSI both outline safe distances operators must maintain from a power source when working at a job site. Planning is one of the biggest accident deterrents available. Monitor the cranes operations and provide guidance as needed. Ensure that all personnel involved in the operation understand and follow safety protocols. The crane operator and any workers below should also be aware of his/her surroundings and never walk under a lift. The posting of signage warning employees of the hazards of the cranes swing radius is used. If you are working around our equipment, take precautions to ensure your safety. What type of scaffold - other than the tube and coupler scaffold - is ideal for use around complex structures? Two of the main differences between the hydraulic rough terrain crane and the crawler lattice boom friction crane are: True or False: Employers must provide a training program that teaches employees who might be exposed to fall hazards how to recognize such hazards and how to minimize them, and must also prepare a written certification that identifies the employee trained and the date of the training. Which industries are employees potentially exposed to silica dust: -- Stone and glass industries -- wherever overhead work is being performed. Let us help! Gantry cranes (overhead cranes)More favorable for high projects, such as bridge work, as it has a higher lifting capacity, and the larger models can take loads of more than 800 tons and reach over 600 feet. Then, the employer must determine if any part of the crane, load line or load could get closer than 20 feet to a power line if the crane is operated at its maximum working radius within the work zone. Truck-mounted and rough terrain cranes are both forms of a mobile crane, and both use which of the following to increase their stability? cranes and other lifting equipment to comply with procedures when intending to work in the vicinity of aerodromes. Exception: When the employer can demonstrate that it is neither feasible to erect such barriers on the ground nor on the equipment, the hazard areas must be clearly marked by a combination of warning signs (such as "Danger--Swing/Crush Zone") and high visibility markings on the equipment that identify the hazard areas. Federal Aviation Administration - A Notice of Proposed Construction or Alteration may be required for mobile cranes located in the vicinity of the Virginia Tech Airport, or where the type of structure exceeds a certain height. The following analysis of each hazard provides a description, potential risks, reasons why accidents occur, preventative measures to avoid them, and applicable OSHA requirements. General safety principles that can help reduce workplace accidents include: 7. -- Noise monitoring -- The amount of current and its frequency -- Have clear instructions explaining proper adjustment and replacement of the suspension and headband. Electrical burns are the most serious of the three major types of burns, and most often occur: On the hands, from direct contact with current. So what are some additional tips to help carry out these regulations and keep your site safe? In addition, the employer must train each employee to understand what these markings signify. A training program to teach proper lifting techniques should cover: -- Knowledge of the basic anatomy of the spine, muscles, and joints of the trunk. For larger or mobile cranes, undesired movement of material can pinch or crush workers involved in the rigging process. 9. -- Construction The regulation is simple: "Don't stand, stroll, or operate under crane booms, buckets, or hanging cargo." Prior planning of crane operations usually considers the area to be covered by the swing of the boom. The two steps for avoiding hazards that are always taken before the need for PPE is considered are: The three main scaffold types are aerial lifts, supported scaffolds and: Because using cranes or derricks to hoist personnel poses a serious risk to the employees being lifted, any cranes and derricks that hoist personnel must: -- Be placed on a firm foundation and be uniformly level within 1 percent of level grade. When manually moving materials, employees should always try to lift it alone if a load is so bulky it cannot be properly grasped or lifted, when they cannot see around or over it, or when a load cannot be safely handled. -- Mining industries. -- Hearing protection to be used. -- Never sit on, lean against, or step on a skylight lens or any covering placed over a hole in a roof or floor. Your email address will not be published. In other words, safety cannot be improvised, Read More The Importance Of Completing Pre Job Planning Activities When TrenchingContinue, What Is Construction Site Safety? Complete post-operation checks to ensure the crane is in good working order before shutting it down. Mechanical failure can also cause machinery to malfunction unexpectedly and drop a heavy load. 2. Tube and coupler scaffolds over 125 feet high must be designed by: A registered professional engineer (Your Answer). In noisy jobsites, these are often used to provide instructions to crane and derrick operators: Since its implementation in 1971, OSHA has: -- Helped cut work-related fatalities nearly in half and cut excavation and trenching fatalities by more than a third Moving the crane too quickly and jerking the hoist when its bearing a heavy load can be hazardous to the crane operator and workers nearby. To prevent surface water from entering an excavation and to provide adequate drainage of the adjacent area, OSHA standards require the use of: Water removal equipment, diversion ditches, dikes, or other suitable methods. Electric shock occurs when: Your body becomes part of the circuit To reduce the risk, OSHA mandates that operators make daily crane inspections. Select and install appropriate rigging hardware and accessories for the load. A crane operator must always lower a load to the ground before leaving the lift or during idle times. -- Training and education. Elliot Aronson, Robin M. Akert, Samuel R. Sommers, Timothy D. Wilson, Laura Namy, Scott Lilienfeld, Steven Lynn, Solve the given equation for $n$ (assume $a>0, a \neq 1$). Keep Your Distance. OSHA also regulates that overhead crane operators use precautions when working near power lineseven outside of the 10-foot radius. Manufacturing is located in several facilities in North America and Europe . espaol | Architects & Engineers portal | Lift-Lab, Home Overhead Crane SafetyThree Major Hazards and Preventative Measures. Ensure the load is properly balanced and secured before the crane lifts it. There is also specific information on: Working in the vicinity of overhead and underground electric lines information sheet It is essential for all persons undertaking these roles to be competent, having relevant up-to-date training and the qualifications and experience appropriate to the operations for which they are responsible. The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling between the top rail and the walking surface. A range of people have specific responsibilities for cranes including the: crane designer, manufacturer, importer and/or supplier crane owner and other persons with management or control of the crane or the workplace where a crane will operate competent person who inspects cranes, and 4. OSHA 1926.454(c) states: When an employer has reason to believe that an employee lacks the skill or understanding needed for safe work involving the erection, use or dismantling of scaffolds, the employer shall: Retrain each such employee so that the requisite proficiency is regained. Which of the following is an element of a hearing conservation program? It is essential that you have the manufacturers operating manuals and are familiar with your particular crane. Provide training, supervision and guidance to crane operators on proper operating techniques, safety procedures, and maintenance. Communicate and coordinate with the crane operator, crew and ground personnel during an operation. -- How many sources generate loud noises. Audiometric testing monitors an employee's hearing: 8. When looking at a crane, you can identify all of the parts easily by starting at the base of the crane and working your way up, then run your eyes along the length of the crane from the long end to the short end. 7. This scaffold is simply a rope attached to a harness with an assembly like a boatswain's chair for the worker to sit in. No modifications or additions that affect the capacity or safe operation of a crane or derrick should ever be made without: The manufacturer's written approval, which should be kept on file (Your Answer). The use of cranes on construction sites to lift heavy equipment, building materials, protective systems, erect steel, etc. There are multiple hazards that can arise regarding cranes in general. Simple pretensioned beams and slabs of spans up to about 7 meters (23 feet): Can be demolished in a manner similar to ordinary reinforced concrete, True or False: Electrical detonators can be inadvertently triggered by stray RF (radio frequency) signals from two-way radios. Provide guards on power tools and other equipment with moving parts (Your Answer). Inspect the crane for any deficiencies before an operation, such as proper lubrication and safe working conditions of the hoist, trolley and bridge mechanisms. Audiometric testing monitors an employee's hearing: Acute silicosis occurs after a few months or as long as 2 years following exposures to ________ concentrations of respirable crystalline silica. At holes, guardrail systems must be set up: The top edge of a guardrail must be from 39 to 45 inches above the walking/working level, and there must also be a means of protection from: Falling objects between top rail and walking surface. Symptoms of silicosis ____________ , so workers should have a chest x-ray to see if there is lung damage. Clear and effective communications between those roles is essential. 5. The type of fall protection required will depend upon: 1. Employers must provide employees with effective information and training on hazardous chemicals in their work area: -- At the time of their initial assignment This rating has improved by 12% over the last 12 months. Material handling tasks should be designed to minimize _________ of the given activity. Crane booms or truck-mounted trolleys using an electrical remote control system for loading and unloading can also be very dangerous. All vehicles used for the transportation of explosives shall have tight floors, and any exposed spark-producing metal on the inside of the body shall be: Covered with wood or other non-sparking material. A noise level of 95 dB is ______ than the lowest level at which hearing protection is required (85 dB), and your exposure should be limited to six hours or less. Assist with assembling and/or disassembling components of the crane as needed. Erect and maintain control lines, warning lines, railings or similar barriers to mark the boundaries of the hazard areas. Preventing these disasters requires workers to recognize certain hazards that occur during operation and follow safety procedures to avoid them. The working principle of a tower crane is surprisingly simple.